Product Name: Propylene Oxide
Synonyms: 1,2-Epoxypropane, Methyloxirane
CAS Number: 75-56-9
Recommended Uses: Industrial chemical, foam manufacturing, fumigant
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Classification: Flammable Liquid, Category 1; Carcinogenicity, Category 2; Acute Toxicity, Category 3 (inhalation); Eye Irritant, Category 2A; Skin Irritant, Category 2
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor; May cause genetic defects; Suspected of causing cancer; Causes serious eye irritation; Causes skin irritation; Harmful if inhaled or absorbed through skin
Pictograms: Flame, Health Hazard, Exclamation Mark
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames; Wear protective equipment; Avoid breathing vapors; Wash thoroughly after handling; Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated area
Most Important Hazards: Vapor can travel and ignite at a distance, forms explosive mixtures with air, exposure can damage respiratory tract or nervous system
Chemical Identity: Propylene Oxide
Concentration: >99% by weight
CAS Number: 75-56-9
Impurities and Stabilizing Additives: Traces of inhibitors (typically butylated hydroxytoluene or propylene glycol) may be added to reduce polymerization
Other Components: No significant non-hazardous ingredients
General Advice: Seek medical attention right away for symptoms after exposure
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, provide artificial respiration if not breathing, use oxygen if breathing is difficult, get medical help
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, do not reuse contaminated clothing until washed, seek medical care if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lift eyelids to ensure thorough flushing, remove contact lenses if possible, call medical personnel
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, keep person calm, get medical help right away
Key Symptoms/Effects: Coughing, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, respiratory irritation, possible delayed lung effects
Extinguishing Media: Use alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide; do not use water jet
Fire Hazards: Highly flammable, vapors can explode if ignited, containers may rupture when exposed to fire
Specific Hazards: May produce toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other hazardous decomposition products
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters must wear self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear, approach from upwind
Procedures: Cool containers with water spray to prevent explosion, evacuate area, avoid run-off from entering drains or water sources
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, avoid inhaling vapors, provide adequate ventilation, keep ignition sources away
Protective Equipment: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, face shield, and respiratory protection
Environmental Precautions: Prevent run-off from entering drains, surface water, or soil
Containment Methods: Stop leak if safe to do so, use inert absorbent material (sand, earth) to contain
Cleanup Procedures: Collect absorbed material in closed containers for disposal, ventilate area, wash contaminated area thoroughly, dispose of according to regulations
Safe Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas, ground and bond containers, avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing, prevent inhalation of vapors, do not smoke or use open flames
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before eating or using restroom, do not eat, drink, or smoke in handling area
Storage Requirements: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, separate from oxidizers, acids, bases, and amines, keep container tightly closed
Incompatible Materials: Avoid contact with strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers, aluminum, amines, copper alloys
Other Recommendations: Install explosion-proof ventilation and electrical equipment, keep away from direct sunlight and heat sources, use spark-proof tools
Engineering Controls: Use explosion-proof ventilation, process enclosures, or local exhaust to minimize exposure
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 100 ppm (240 mg/m³); ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (skin)
Respiratory Protection: Use approved air-purifying respirator or self-contained breathing apparatus if concentrations exceed limits
Hand Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, such as nitrile or neoprene
Eye Protection: Use safety goggles and face shield
Skin Protection: Wear chemical-resistant clothing and footwear, remove contaminated clothing promptly
Environmental Monitoring: Use monitoring equipment to detect vapors in the workplace, regularly check ventilation systems
Appearance: Colorless, volatile liquid
Odor: Ether-like, sweet
Odor Threshold: 10 ppm
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -112°C
Boiling Point: 34°C
Flash Point: -37°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Rapid
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid and vapor
Vapor Pressure: 442 mm Hg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 2.0 (air = 1)
Specific Gravity: 0.83 (water = 1)
Solubility in Water: 370 g/L at 20°C
Partition Coefficient: Log Pow: -0.03
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 455°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not available
Viscosity: 0.46 cP at 20°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions, may polymerize violently if contaminated or heated
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, open flames, sparks, static discharge, direct sunlight, moisture, contamination with incompatible chemicals
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers, amines, copper, aluminum, iron rust
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, toxic vapors
Hazardous Polymerization: May occur at elevated temperature or in the presence of incompatible chemicals, inhibited with stabilizers during storage
Acute Toxicity: LC50 (rat, inhalation): 4000 ppm/4h, LD50 (oral, rat): 520 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes moderate irritation
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes serious irritation
Respiratory Sensitization: Possible lung sensitizer
Skin Sensitization: Not expected for most individuals
Carcinogenicity: IARC: Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic); NTP: reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
Mutagenicity: Evidence of genetic defects in laboratory tests
Reproductive Toxicity: No definitive evidence from human data, some animal data suggest possible developmental toxicity
Other Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, long-term exposure may impair liver or kidney function
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Aquatic Toxicity: LC50 (fish, 96h): 215 mg/L; EC50 (Daphnia, 48h): 350 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable in water and soil
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low (BCF = 0.4 - 0.7)
Mobility in Soil: High, due to water solubility
Other Adverse Effects: Rapid evaporation can contribute to smog formation, vapor contamination in ground-level air possible if spilled
Waste Treatment Methods: Incinerate in approved facility, or treat by controlled chemical decomposition
Disposal of Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers may retain hazardous residue, recycle or dispose in accordance with local guidelines
Special Precautions: Do not allow into sewers, drains, surface or ground water, handle spill residues as hazardous waste
Regulatory Requirements: Follow regional, national, and local regulations for disposal
UN Number: UN1280
UN Proper Shipping Name: Propylene Oxide
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: I
Hazard Labels: Flammable Liquid
Environmental Hazards: Dangerous to environment if released in bulk
Special Precautions for Transport: Keep away from heat or sources of ignition, use approved type containers only, emergency procedures may apply in transit accident
OSHA: Listed as hazardous chemical, strict requirements on workplace exposure
TSCA: Listed in the Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
SARA Title III: Classified as extremely hazardous; subject to reporting requirements under Section 302, 311, 312, 313
CERCLA: Reportable quantity 100 lbs
California Prop 65: Listed as a chemical known to cause cancer
Other Regulations: Subject to chemical accident prevention rules, may fall under additional local or national worker safety controls
